Professionalization of Exercise Physiologyonline
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چکیده
Introduction Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) or maximum aerobic capacity, as it is known by exercise physiologists, is not a new topic by any means. The idea that the human body cannot survive without oxygen has been known for millennia. However, the notion that oxygen and its delivery and subsequent metabolism by exercising muscles is crucial to prolonged activity is relatively new, having first gained attention in the 1920s with the work of the English physiologist A. V. Hill. Although Archibald Vivian Hill may be most remembered by the general scientific community for his Nobel Prize winning work with the physiology of frog muscle and energy metabolism, his contributions to the initial theories and experiments relating to oxygen uptake in the exercising human make him a pioneer in the field of exercise physiology. Hill did not do all of the work, however. Credit should be given to the numerous colleagues and peers that worked with Hill, as well as those who worked independently, in designing ingenious experiments and proposing radical (at the time) theories about oxygen's role in energy metabolism, muscle contraction, and the undertaking of prolonged exercise. Over the past eighty years or so, the collective work has been accepted by essentially all exercise physiologists that oxygen uptake is intimately related to muscle contraction and aerobic exercise. This discussion seeks to focus on the topic of oxygen uptake, particularly at maximum exercise. This article will review the history of the physiological parameter of VO2 max, the theories that have been accepted or rejected over the past eighty years, the current ideas on maximal oxygen uptake and its limitations, the relevance of VO2 max, and the methods used for assessing maximal oxygen consumption.
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